This move would transition into most of the models in the subsequent years with the original G-Shock square design also adopting the same construction. The watch also featured a resin (plastic) case instead of the original stainless steel case of earlier models for improved shock resistance. In 1992, Casio released the DW-6100 equipped with a temperature sensor thus making it the first G-Shock to be equipped with a sensor. In 1989, Casio introduced the AW-500, which was the first G-Shock featuring an analog display with a digital sub display at the 6-o'clock position. Casio would then go on to release a mud-resistant line of watches in 1995 which would go on to be called Mudman. Called the G-Shock-II due to the new construction feature, it was nicknamed "Mudman" by collectors due to its mud resistance capabilities. In 1985, Casio released the DW-5500C, which was the first G-Shock to feature a mud-resistant structure. By 1998, Casio had released more than 200 different G-Shock models, with worldwide sales at 19 million units. The popularity of G-Shocks increased throughout the 1990s. The DW-5000C survived the impact of the hockey stick, and the G-Shock gained popularity among the general public. This involved repeating the action shown in the commercial. A TV news channel then set out to conduct live tests on the DW-5000C to check whether it was as tough and durable as advertised. The commercial gained negative publicity and Casio was accused of false advertising. In order to promote the G-Shock worldwide, the American division of Casio released a commercial in which an ice hockey player used the DW-5000C as a hockey puck to demonstrate the toughness of the watch. Initial sales of the G-Shock line were sluggish in Japan as people preferred dress watches. The strap of the watch is also designed to protect the module during a fall. The shock-resistant design on the original G-Shock has 10 layers protecting the quartz timekeeping module, including a urethane rubber bumper, the stainless steel case, the hardened mineral glass watch crystal, the stainless steel screwed down caseback, and the "floating module" where the quartz mechanism floats free in a urethane foam cradle, with the outer buttons and LCD module attached with flexible cables. With that in mind, the team set out to develop a watch using such a concept and in April 1983, the first G-Shock, the DW-5000C, was launched. During a visit to a playground, Ibe discovered that in a rubber ball, the centre of the ball doesn't suffer the effects of the shock during a bounce on a rough surface which gave him the idea to implement that concept into the watch. The team had assembled and tested nearly 200 prototypes but were still not able to achieve the conception criteria. The G-Shock then was conceived as a watch which would have "triple 10" resistance, meaning it would have a battery life of 10 years, have a water resistance of 10 bar and could survive a fall of 10 meters.Ī team of three individuals was selected by Ibe which was known as "team tough". The G-Shock was conceptualized in 1981 by Casio engineer Kikuo Ibe when he bumped into a pedestrian, and the mechanical watch given to him by his father popped off of his wrist and shattered on the ground. The Euro prices ranging from 149 to 349 show the great variation of sales prices between different models. History The DW-5000C G-Shock Various analog-digital and digital G-Shock watches in a shop in Germany, 2023. Newer high-end models in the line also feature GPS, directional, pressure and temperature sensors, radio-controlled time adjustment (known as WaveCeptor or Multi-Band) and Bluetooth time adjustment achieved via connecting to a smartphone via a dedicated application. Other features such as a countdown timer, world clock, and a backlight are included in most models. The watches in the G-Shock line are designed primarily for sports, military and outdoors-oriented activities all G-Shocks have a chronograph feature, 200 metre water resistance and an alarm, with either a digital display, analogue display or a combination of analogue and digital displays. G-Shock is an abbreviation for Gravitational Shock. The G-Shock is a line of watches manufactured by the Japanese electronics company Casio, designed to resist mechanical stress, shock and vibration.
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Jambo is a Swahili greeting that translates to Hello or How are you? Alternatively, you can say Habari? They basically mean the same thing when greeting people in Swahili. What does Jambo (Greeting) mean in Swahili/English? In Disney’s “The Lion King,” the Swahili term “Hakuna Matata” appears to be a reference to the song’s chorus. Them Mushrooms’ original version also featured verses honoring the Swahili language, reggae music, Africa, and “mushroom soup” (a reference to psilocybin mushrooms).Īs a result of their popularity, numerous other bands covered the songs, with varying degrees of success the Safari Sound Band’s rendition, for example, is one of the most often played songs in East African tourist locations. nzuri sana nzuri sana nzuri sana “How’s it doing so far? hakuna matata (“everything is well”), and hakuna matata (“all is fine”) ” (“no problem”). Several Swahili words and greetings, such as Habari Gani? are used in the song’s lyrics. “Jambo Bwana” has mostly been adopted as a hotel pop tune, with a tourist audience in mind. “Jambo Jambo” and “Hakuna Matata” are two distinct titles for the same song. Mombasa Roots, Safari Sound Band, Khadja Nin, Adam Solomon, Mani Kollengode, and the German group Boney M. “Jambo Bwana” which translates to Hello Sir in Swahili is originally a Kenyan hit song released in 1982 by Kenyan band Them Mushrooms. Whether you hear “Jambo Bwana” being sung by locals or played as background music in tourist destinations near Kilimanjaro, it serves as a cheerful and uplifting anthem that encapsulates the welcoming spirit of the region and its people. The song has become a symbol of the region’s rich cultural heritage and is often performed in various settings, including festivals, community gatherings, and even during safaris and trips to Mount Kilimanjaro. The lyrics of “Jambo Bwana” celebrate the beauty of nature, urging listeners to embrace the joy of living and togetherness. Singing Jambo Bwana – Hakuna Matata on Mount KilimanjaroĪfter a successful ascent to the summit of Mount Kilimanjaro, the Uhuru Peak, the guides and porters sing this celebratory song, which is followed by dancing and applauding. “Jambo Bwana” has become an iconic representation of Swahili culture and is often performed in various settings, including cultural events, music festivals, and tourist attractions. The lyrics celebrate the beauty of nature, the spirit of togetherness, and the joy of living. It is commonly sung as a welcoming or greeting song, expressing warmth, hospitality, and a sense of camaraderie. The song’s catchy melody and joyful lyrics make it a favorite among locals and visitors alike. “Jambo Bwana” is a Swahili phrase that translates to “Hello, sir” or “Hello, Mr.” It is a popular Swahili song that has gained international recognition and is often associated with East Africa, climbing Kilimanjaro and safari experiences. Henry Winkler was once considered for a lead in the film. The screen test was done with the drive-in movie scene. This led Newton-John to demand a screen test for " Grease" to avoid another career setback. Cast with Newton-John and three male leads in an attempt by Don Kirshner to create another Monkees, the film was never released commercially. She appeared in the 1970 film, " Toomorrow", a science fiction musical that predated her initial chart success with 1971's " If Not for You". Singer Newton-John, cast at Travolta's urging, had done little acting before this film.
Vatteluttu ( Malayalam: വട്ടെഴുത്ത്, romanized: Vaṭṭeḻuttŭ, lit.'round writing') is a script that had evolved from Tamil-Brahmi and was once used extensively in the southern part of present-day Tamil Nadu and in Kerala. The Malayalam language itself was historically written in several different scripts.Ī medieval Tigalari manuscript (Bears high similarity with modern Malayalam script) The script is also used to write several minority languages such as Paniya, Betta Kurumba, and Ravula. The Malayalam script is a Vatteluttu alphabet extended with symbols from the Grantha alphabet to represent Indo-Aryan loanwords. The modern Malayalam alphabet has 15 vowel letters, 42 consonant letters, and a few other symbols. Like many other Indic scripts, it is an alphasyllabary ( abugida), a writing system that is partially “alphabetic” and partially syllable-based. The Malayalam script bears high similarity with Tigalari script, which was used for writing the Tulu language, spoken in coastal Karnataka ( Dakshina Kannada and Udupi districts) and the northernmost Kasargod district of Kerala. Malayalam script is also widely used for writing Sanskrit texts in Kerala. It is one of the official scripts of the Indian Republic. It is a Dravidian language spoken in the Indian state of Kerala and the union territories of Lakshadweep and Puducherry (Mahé district) by the Malayali people. Malayalam script ( Malayāḷalipi IPA: / Malayalam: മലയാളലിപി) is a Brahmic script used commonly to write Malayalam, which is the principal language of Kerala, India, spoken by 45 million people in the world. A bilingual sign in Malayalam and Latin script ( English) at Changaramkulam, Malappuram, Kerala The number of resonators involved distinguish between the type of vowels created. There are three possible resonators involved in the articulation of a vowel: the oral cavity, the labial cavity, and the nasal cavity. For these reasons, singers should avoid singing with excessive nasality in their tones, even when singing in a foreign language that utilizes nasal vowels, if they hope to achieve a more fully resonant sound. Consequently, nasal vowels may show one or more additional formants due to nasal resonance, while one or more oral formants may be weakened or missing due to nasal antiresonance. Furthermore, nasal consonants and nasal vowels can exhibit additional formants, called nasal formants, arising from resonance within the nasal branch. In addition, for nasal consonants and nasal vowels, the vocal tract divides into a nasal branch and an oral branch, and interference between these branches produces more antiresonances. For these reasons, singers need to sing on open vowels, and not sustain consonant sounds, if they wish to maximize the resonance and carrying power of their voices. Consequently, consonants attenuate or eliminate formants at or near these frequencies, so that they appear weakened or are missing altogether when looking at spectrograms. An antiresonance is the opposite of a resonance, such that the impedance is relatively high rather than low. For consonants, there are also antiresonances in the vocal tract at one or more frequencies due to oral constrictions. With consonants, there is a constriction or closure at some point along the vocal tract. This isn't the case with consonants and nasal sounds, however. The resonators, then, cause only resonance, reinforcing certain frequency ranges. The air stream, once out of the glottis, passes through the speech organs and is not cut off or constricted by the supra-glottal resonators, nor by the articulators themselves, which means that they are 'open' sounds. (Oral) vowels are formed with no major obstacles in the vocal tract so that there is no build-up of air pressure at any point above the glottis (the supra-glottal spaces). Optimal consonants, on the other hand, are voiceless and lax. In both singing and speech, optimal vowel phonemes are voiced, and are tense and therefore particularly distinct. (Most languages, in fact, have only voiced vowels.) In whispered speech, vowels are devoiced. (Voicing is the difference between the pairs of sounds that are associated with the English letters 's' and 'z', with the 'z' sound being voiced.) In all languages, without exception, most vowels are voiced sounds. At the articulatory level, a voiceless sound is one in which the folds do not vibrate in order to produce the sound. A voiced sound is one in which the vocal folds, which are cartilages inside the larynx, vibrate during the articulation of the vowel. Voice or voicing is a term used in phonetics and phonology to characterize speech sounds, with sounds described as either voiced or voiceless ( or unvoiced). The simplest phonation is called voicing. The different ways in which the vibrations and tension in the larynx affect the quality of a vowel are called phonation. A singer needs to learn to sing vowels while not allowing consonants, which resonate and 'project' more poorly than vowels do, to get in the way. Because of these characteristics, vowels are probably the easiest speech category to recognize in a spectrogram - an electronic device that mesures peaks in the harmonic spectrum of the voice during singing. Vowels are also stable segments of speech during which the articulators do not move, allowing the resonance frequencies of the vocal tract to remain more stable (minus the characteristic waxing and waning of the frequencies due to the rapid and periodic opening and closing of the vocal folds during phonation). They almost always carry the greatest energy in the speech signal because, during vowel phonation, the vocal tract is most open. Vowels are extremely important to singing. Vowels are understood to be syllabic, meaning that they usually form the peak or nucleus (the central part) of a syllable - whereas consonants form the onset (any consonant or sequence of consonants preceding the nucleus) and coda (any consonant or sequence of consonants following the nucleus). In phonetics, a vowel (from the Latin word 'vocalis', meaning 'uttering voice' or 'speaking') is a sound in spoken language that is characterized by an open configuration of the vocal tract, in contrast to consonants, which are characterized by a constriction or closure at one or more points along the vocal tract. The term 'vowel' is commonly used to mean both vowel sounds and the written symbols that represent them. |
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